challenges of life dictated the need to expand civil engineering in to other branches.Engineering profession became driving force of civilization.It was the basis of the first industrial revolution that has change the ways of live of mankind.The first industrial revolution,from 1770 to 1860 was built on coal in England.Machines increasingly powered by steam engines,started to replace muscles in most production.While pulling off the revolution,traditional artisan transformed themselves to modern professionals.The british.The british, more empirically oriented,pioneered mechanical engineering and autonomous professional societies under the laissez-faire attitude of their goverenment.Gradually,practical thinking became scientific in addition to intuitive,as enginners developed mathematical analysis and controlled experiments.Technical training shifted from apprenticeship to university education.
Mechanical engineering emerged as a field during the industrial revolution in Europe in 18th century,however,its devolopment can be traced backed several thousand years around the world.Mechanical engineering finds its application in the archieves of various ancient and medievl societies throug out mankind.During the years from 7th to 15th century,the era called the Islamic Golden Age,there werew remarkable contributions from Muslim Inventors in the field of mechanical technology.Al-jazari,who was one of them,wrote his famous Book of Knowledge Of Inginious Mechanical Devices in 1206 and presented many mechanical designs.
He is also considered to be the inventor of such mechanical devices which now form the basic of mechanism,such as the crankshaft and camshaft.